School Administrative District #4

Unity of purpose

CORE CURRICULUM: SCOPE AND SEQUENCE

Department: English Language Arts

CONTENT STANDARD: LANGUAGE STUDY

Language study is understood to include grammar, usage, and the mechanics of writing; as well as the history and sociology of language itself. All students are expected to use the conventions of standard written and spoken English to write and to speak correctly.

 

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Alphabetize words by the second letter, using lists of no more than ten words

3.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of how to use the dictionary to spell words

4.        Know that naming words are called nouns and use and recognize them with increasing sophistication

5.        Know that words that show action are called verbs and use and recognize them with increasing sophistication

6.        Know that words that replace nouns are called pronouns and use and recognize them with increasing sophistication

7.        Know that describing words are called adjectives and use and recognize them with increasing sophistication

8.        Demonstrate an initial understanding that the names of specific persons, places, and things and the pronoun I should be capitalized

9.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of semantic structures

á         Statement

á         Question

á         Command

á         Exclamation

CONTENT STANDARD: ORAL AND VISUAL COMMUNICATIONS

Oral communication includes skills traditionally referred to as speaking and listening. All students are expected to demonstrate the ability to speak and to listen in order to explore ideas; to present lines of thought; to represent and reflect upon human experience; and to communicate feelings, knowledge, and opinions. Visual communication includes critical viewing skills needed to make sense of the information presented in the media. All students are expected to demonstrate the ability to analyze, interpret, and evaluate what they see and hear in the media.

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Kindergarten-Grade 4

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Listen courteously when others are reading or speaking

3.        Listen to and follow one- and two-step directions

4.        Demonstrate the ability to listen and view

á         Appreciatively

á         Attentively

á         Marginally

5.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of critical listening and viewing

6.        Listen to and record information

7.        Orally identify and manipulate phonemes in syllables and multi-syllabic words

8.        Initiate and maintain appropriate conversations with peers and adults

9.        Use oral language appropriate to the level of formality required

10.    Use increasingly complex sentence structures and vocabulary in oral communication

11.    Use oral language for diverse purposes (e.g., to inform, to persuade, to entertain)

12.    Participate in choral speaking and recite short poems, rhymes, songs, and stories with repeated patterns

13.    Participate in creative dramatics

14.    Contribute to group discussions

15.    Seek the ideas and opinions of others

16.    Begin to use evidence to support opinions

17.    Report orally and summarize personal discoveries he/she has made as a result of reading, listening, and viewing

18.    Summarize/paraphrase central concepts from oral and visual presentations

19.    Ask and seek answers to questions

20.    Demonstrate an initial understanding of verbal communication skills

á         Word choice

á         Voice control

á         Projection

á         Pace

á         Tone

á         Inflection

á         Pronunciation

á         Articulation

21.    Demonstrate an initial understanding of non-verbal communication skills

á         Poise

á         Posture

á         Hand control

á         Facial expression

á         Body language

á         Eye contact

á         Appearance

22.    Use a variety of media and technological resources to make creative and expository oral presentations

CONTENT STANDARD: PROCESS WRITING

Process writing includes those steps through which writers move regardless of audience, purpose, focus, or particular mode of writing. All students are expected to use the skills and strategies of the writing process to explore ideas; to present lines of thought; to represent and reflect on human experience; and to communicate feelings, knowledge, and opinions.

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of how to revise written work for clarity (initial revising stage)

3.        Respond to things read, heard, and viewed by writing about them

CONTENT STANDARD: CREATIVE WRITING

Creative writing is expressive and imaginative writing. All students are expected to use the techniques of creative writing to explore ideas; to represent and reflect on human experience; and to communicate feelings.

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Use writing to explore ideas and to express feelings and reactions, i.e., free write

3.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of poetry and begin to experiment with form

CONTENT STANDARD: PRACTICAL WRITING

Practical writing is formulaic writing. All students are expected to be able to use writing skills to conduct personal and career-related business .

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

 

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Practice writing friendly letters

CONTENT STANDARD: EXPOSITORY WRITING

Expository writing includes informative and persuasive writing. All students are expected to use the techniques of exposition to explore ideas; to present lines of thought; to represent and reflect on human experience; to communicate feelings, knowledge, and opinions; and to present information gleaned from research.

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

 

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of how to develop a search strategy which makes use of appropriate and available resources

3.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of how to formulate and record questions to ask when gathering information

4.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of how to record and share information gleaned from a variety of sources

CONTENT STANDARD: DEVELOPMENTAL (PROCESS) READING

Just as there are stages through which all effective writers pass to one degree or another, there are stages through which all effective readers pass. Developmental reading is characterized by the reader tackling the written language in order to differentiate among letters, words, sentences, and paragraphs. The reader learns decoding skills for recognizing and determining the meaning of unfamiliar words and learns to recognize various text structures and the organization of informational books. All students are expected to use the reading process to comprehend, interpret, evaluate, and appreciate what they have read.

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Apply phonetic principles when reading by

á         Using knowledge of consonants and consonant blends in multi-syllabic words

á         Using knowledge of common vowel patterns in multi-syllabic words

CONTENT STANDARD: FUNCTIONAL READING

Functional reading is characterized by the reader tackling diverse texts and purposes for reading. The reader learns to use background knowledge to aid comprehension and to apply some general strategies for remembering information. All students are expected to use reading strategies (1) to experience, understand, and appreciate literature and culture and (2) to extract meaning from, recognize assumptions and implications within, and evaluate ideas presented in informational texts.

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Read and comprehend a variety of fiction and non-fiction selections in order to

á         Identify simple themes

á         Write about what has been read

  á         Identify major events in sequence

á         Understand the main idea in simple expository information

3.        Locate resources in a library

á         Reference materials

4.        Extract information from a variety of secondary sources

á         Dictionary

á         Encyclopedia

á         Non-fiction

5.        Develop strategies for memorizing text

6.        Begin to develop strategies for taking tests about literature

á         Essay

CONTENT STANDARD: RECREATIONAL READING

Recreational reading is characterized by the reader reading for pleasure or for personal purposes, not for purposes prescribed by a course of study or a career. All students are expected to use reading to fulfill personal and social needs.

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Kindergarten-Grade 12

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Read for pleasure

3.        Read for personal purposes

4.        Listen as literature is read aloud

5.        Read to others, especially to children

6.        Select, abandon, and re-read texts according to personal needs and interests