School Administrative District #4

Unity of purpose

CORE CURRICULUM: SCOPE AND SEQUENCE

Department: Mathematics

CONTENT STANDARD: NUMBERS AND NUMBER SENSE

Students will understand and demonstrate a sense of what numbers mean and how they are used. Numbers are used to describe and interpret phenomena. Building a sense of number relationships is essential for developing the ability to deal with any set of numbers. Number sense involves understanding the meaning of numbers, relationships among numbers, relative number magnitudes, and the effects of operations on numbers. Skilled estimation is also an important component of number sense.

 

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Read and write three-digit numbers for objects grouped by hundreds, tens, and ones

3.        Read, write, count, order, and compare numbers through 999

4.        Read and write money notation through three digits

á            Count a collection of currency and coins through $9.99

5.        Recognize even and odd numbers

6.        Count by three's

7.        Write fractions of a region or a set

á            Halves

á            Thirds

á            Fourths

á            Fifths

á            Sixths

8.        Recognize and use ordinal numbers through twenty-fifth

CONTENT STANDARD: COMPUTATION

Students will understand and demonstrate computation skills. Computation involves understanding the fundamental operations of and relationships between and among addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Proficiency in computational skills requires that students learn to evaluate the reasonableness of an answer and to obtain accuracy in calculations with ever-increasing ease and confidence, with and without technological tools.

 

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Use a variety of materials, strategies, and symbols to manipulate

á         Whole numbers

á         Addition of one-digit positive numbers with sums less than or equal to 18

á         Subtraction of one-digit positive numbers with minuends less than or equal to 18

á         Addition of three or more one-digit positive numbers

á         Addition of two three-digit positive numbers

á         Subtraction of two-digit positive numbers

á         Multiplication of one-digit positive numbers less than or equal to 5

á         Money notation

á         Addition, e.g., $1.25 + $2.30 = $3.55

3.        Use and apply estimations with

á         Measurements

á         Problem-solving 

CONTENT STANDARD: MEASUREMENT

Students will understand and demonstrate measurement skills. Measurement is valuable as an integrating skill throughout the curriculum and in everyday life. The use of estimation is vital in determining the reasonableness of measurement. Measurement attributes (e.g., length, volume, time), U.S. customary and metric units, and tools enhance the ability to describe and understand the world.

 

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Count and exchange equivalent quantities of money, using

á         Quarters

á         Half dollars

3.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of units of measurement

á         Length

á         Yards/meters

á         Mass

á         Tons

á         Time

á         Seconds

á         Liquid volume

á         Teaspoons

á         Tablespoons

á         Cups

á         Pints

á         Quarts

á         Gallons

á         Liters

4.        Tell time to the quarter hour, using an analog and a digital clock

CONTENT STANDARD: PATTERNS, RELATIONS, AND FUNCTIONS

Students will understand that mathematics is the science of patterns, relationships, and functions. Relationships are central to mathematical understanding. A study of patterns often reveals regularity, indicating the presence of a mathematical relationship. Studying relationships allows students to make generalizations and predictions about phenomena and occurrences.

 

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of the relationship between

á         Addition and subtraction

CONTENT STANDARD: DISCRETE MATHEMATICS

Students will understand and apply concepts in discrete mathematics. Discrete mathematics studies discrete processes (e.g., all possible bus routes in a school district). This study includes the exploration of diagrams, networks, and flowcharts that students construct to model situations or use for planning, scheduling, and decision making. Three main concerns of discrete mathematics are existence (Is there a solution?), counting (How many solutions are there?), and efficiency (What is the best solution?).

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Create and use an organized list to determine possible outcomes or to solve problems

á         Two variations of two attributes, e.g., determine the possible arrangements for two differing styles of shirts and two differing styles of pants

CONTENT STANDARD: MATHEMATICAL REASONING

Students will understand and apply concepts of mathematical reasoning. Reasoning is fundamental to the knowing and doing of mathematics. To give more students access to mathematics as a powerful way of making sense of the world, it is essential that an emphasis on reasoning pervade all mathematics. Students need a great deal of time and many experiences to develop their ability to construct and evaluate valid arguments in problem settings and to evaluate the arguments of others.

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Distinguish between "important" and "unimportant" mathematical information

3.        Follow logical arguments

á        Describe a simple argument's strengths and weaknesses

CONTENT STANDARD: DATA ANALYSIS AND STATISTICS

Students will understand and apply concepts of data analysis. Individuals are faced with massive quantities of information which must be selected, sorted, and analyzed to reach conclusions. Sound decision making requires the ability to collect data effectively, organize data, discover patterns, summarize trends, make inferences, draw conclusions, and make predictions. The ethical use of statistics is a paramount concern in the Information Age.

 

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Read, construct, and interpret a simple picture and bar graph

3.        Formulate and solve problems by collecting, arranging, and interpreting data

CONTENT STANDARD: PROBABILITY

Students will understand and apply concepts of probability. Probability is the study of uncertainty. Informed consumers of information understand the basic principles of probability. People need to understand the uncertainties and limitations involved when drawing conclusions from data.

 

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Use data from an experiment to predict which of two events is more likely to occur if the experiment is repeated

3.        Demonstrate an understanding of a chance occurrence, using manipulatives (e.g., coins, dice, multi-colored spinners); and record outcomes of simple events

CONTENT STANDARD: ALGEBRA CONCEPTS

Students will understand and apply algebraic concepts. Algebra and analytic thinking are fundamental tools for working in and thinking about mathematics. These tools provide ways to generalize and predict problem solutions when not all information is known. Taught within the context of mathematical and practical applications, the concept of functions is a unifying theme for algebraic concepts.

 

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Solve problems by completing a numerical sequence involving basic addition and subtraction facts (e.g., 3 + __ = 7 or 7 - __ = 3)

3.        Recognize and use algebraic properties

á         Commutative property for

á         Addition

4.        Solve one-step linear word problems by

á         Reading about a situation, determining the appropriate operation (addition or subtraction), and solving for an unknown, using an equation

CONTENT STANDARD: GEOMETRY

Students will understand and apply concepts from geometry. Geometry is the study of the spatial world and its symmetries. The ideas of geometry are used to describe, interpret, represent, and change the spatial world in which people live. The understanding and development of spatial and visual skills strengthens problem-solving abilities.

 

Performance Indicators: The learner will·

Grade 2

1.        Review and extend prior learning

2.        Identify representations of three-dimensional geometric shapes (e.g., sphere, cylinder, cone, pyramid, cube, rectangular prism), when presented a model

3.        Identify and create figures, symmetric along a line, using manipulatives

4.        Compare and contrast plane and solid geometric shapes

á         Circle/sphere

á         Square/cube

á         Triangle/pyramid

á         Rectangle/rectangular prism

5.        Demonstrate an initial understanding of

á         Perimeter

á         Area

á         Volume

Developed 07/17/97

Revised 07/08/98

curr-math-scope-2.doc