School Administrative District #4
Unity of purpose
CORE CURRICULUM: SCOPE AND SEQUENCE
Department: Social Studies
CONTENT STANDARD: ECONOMICS
The
study of economics includes understanding concepts of production, distribution,
and consumption needed to make decisions as effective participants in an
international economy. Students come to understand the development, principles,
institutions, relationships to culture, and change over time of economic
systems in the
Performance Indicators: The learner will·
|
Kindergarten |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Match descriptions of work that people do and the names of those jobs with examples from the school
3. Demonstrate an initial understanding of basic economic concepts
á Needs and wants
á Saving and spending
4. Identify ways in which he/she satisfies his/her personal needs and wants
|
Grade 1 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Identify goods and services, giving examples
á List a variety of goods and services used by him/her and his/her family
3. Explain the relationship between needs and wants in three basic areas of living (food, clothing, shelter) and the provision of goods and services related to those needs
á Explain why people need food, clothing, and shelter
á Describe how food, clothing, and shelter are produced
á Identify how people obtain the food, clothing, and shelter they need
á Identify factors that affect food, clothing, and shelter selection
4. Identify ways in which members of families satisfy their needs and wants
5. Simulate the exchange of money for goods and services
|
Grade 2 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Match descriptions of work that people do and the names of those jobs with examples from the local community
3. Identify the three basic questions all economic systems must answer: what to produce? how? and for whom?
4. Explain the difference between goods and services and describe how people are both consumers (buyers) and producers (sellers) of goods and services
5. Identify goods and services, giving examples
á Identify himself/herself and his/her family as consumers
á Describe goods and services provided by individuals and businesses in his/her community
6. Recognize how satisfaction can be derived from a product one makes or a service one provides by
á Creating a product and/or service to be shared with people in the school and/or local community
7. Explain that limits on resources require people to make choices about producing and consuming goods and services
8. Identify a situation in which a personal decision is made about the use of scarce resources (e.g., deciding to use his/her allowance to buy a gift for a family member instead of to purchase a toy)
9. Explain the interdependence of producers and consumers in a market economy by
á Describing factors that have influenced consumer demand
10. Indicate ways people may change their natural environment as they produce goods and services
11. Identify ways to earn and save money
|
Grade 3 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Describe barter and money and how each is used in the exchange of resources, goods, and services
á Demonstrate an understanding of what bartering is by exchanging goods for other goods in the classroom
á Explain the differences among using cash, checks, and credit to purchase goods and services
á Compare and contrast currency from a variety of countries
3. Describe the economic specialization and interdependence involved in the production of goods and services in various communities in the past
4. Explain how selected cultures or countries meet basic human needs
á Indicate how the environment has influenced the way people meet their needs
á Compare ways by which people satisfy their needs
5. Describe the differences among human (people at work), natural (water, soil, wood, etc.), and capital (machines, tools, etc.) resources used to produce different goods and services
|
Grade 4 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Describe barter and money and how each is used in the exchange of resources, goods, and services
á Describe how bartering was used in colonial Maine
á Describe how resources and goods are exchanged in Maine today
3. Recognize how satisfaction can be derived from a product one makes or a service one provides by
á Discussing the value of goods and services produced in Maine
4. Explain how the economy of Maine affects families and communities
5. Describe the economic specialization and interdependence involved in the production of goods and services in Maine communities
6. Indicate economic changes in Maine from 1850 to the present
7. Demonstrate an initial understanding of how different economies meet basic wants and needs over time
á Describe how the following people met their basic needs and wants: a Native American, an American colonist, an American citizen after the Revolutionary War
8. Explain the impact that events and technological advancements have had on the economy and predict future economic trends and career opportunities
á Identify Maine's role in supplying goods and services
for a specific historical period (e.g., masts for
|
Grade 5 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Analyze how scarcity affects an individual's decisions about production and consumption of goods and services
á Explain how a specific population (e.g., Native Americans, citizens of the colonial era) survived using the materials and resources available to them
3. Demonstrate an initial understanding of the economic concepts of supply, demand, price, the role of money, and profit and loss
á Describe how the boycotting of goods brings about governmental policy changes
á Describe the reasons for and the effects of a profitable business, using economic terms
4. Identify
how the fundamental characteristics of the
á Select small businesses that might have started in colonial times and assess the potential growth or decline of each business
5. Describe the characteristics of traditional, command, market, and mixed economic systems
á Select a small business that might have started in pre-Civil War times and describe how that business would operate, using the terms goods, service, supply, demand, profit, and loss
6. Demonstrate an initial understanding of how changes in transportation and communication technologies have affected trade over time
á Describe the effects the design of faster sailing vessels had on world explorations by sea
á Describe
how the building of roads and railroads affected the settlement of the
7. Demonstrate an initial understanding of how world-trade issues can affect a nation's economy and how trade can influence and transform societies
á Describe
the relationship of trade between
|
Grade 6 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Recognize how satisfaction can be derived from a product one makes or a service one provides by
á Comparing and contrasting occupations available in hunter-gatherer and settlement societies
3. Explain how technology has affected the work place in the past and speculate about how it will do so in the future
4. Identify
important economic concepts related to the development of ancient civilizations
(e.g.,
5. Explain how the industrial revolution changed how the Canadians produced some goods and services
|
Grade 7 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Analyze how scarcity affects an individual's decisions about production and consumption of goods and services
á Explain the relationship of yearly income and the purchase of consumer goods
á Provide examples of developed countries versus underdeveloped countries
3. Demonstrate an initial understanding of the economic concepts of supply, demand, price, the role of money, and profit and loss
á Connect basic economic concepts to the operation of a real or fictitious company
4. Demonstrate an initial understanding of how prices act as signals to producers and consumers to answer three basic economic questions: what to produce? how? and for whom?
á Identify a product, e.g., a car, and show how price affects demand and production
5. Demonstrate an initial understanding of the roles and contributions of the principal contributors to the economy (e.g., laborers, investors, entrepreneurs, managers)
á Define the roles of laborers, investors, entrepreneurs, and managers by stating how each contributes to a global market economy
6. Demonstrate an initial understanding of how different economies meet basic wants and needs over time
á Identify four basic needs (health care, food, consumer goods, housing) and show how they are met over time by various governments demonstrating various types of economies (traditional, command, market and mixed)
7. Demonstrate an initial understanding of how changes in transportation and communication technologies have affected trade over time
á Document
changes in international trade between the
8. Demonstrate an initial understanding of how world-trade issues can affect a nation's economy and how trade can influence and transform societies
á Analyze a global economy and evaluate its reliance on world trade
9. Demonstrate
an initial understanding of why trade allows specialization, and identify
specific examples of how nations specialize (e.g.,
á Explain product specialization within a national economy and demonstrate the pros and cons of such specialization
á Identify products harvested or manufactured in a specific region of the world
á Demonstrate an understanding that a nation has a competitive advantage when it can produce a product at a lower cost than its trading partner
|
Grade 8 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Analyze how scarcity affects individuals' decisions about production and consumption of goods and services
á Explain how scarcity of goods generates new industries (e.g., the oil embargo of the 1970's resulted in the investigation of alternative sources of energy)
3. Demonstrate knowledge of the economic concepts of supply, demand, price, the role of money, and profit and loss
á Describe how the boycotting of goods brings about economic changes (e.g., how the boycott of lettuce in the 1960's resulted in improved working conditions for migrant laborers)
4. Identify
how the fundamental characteristics of the
á Explain and contrast the economies of the North and the South during the pre- and post-Civil War era
á Identify
the major components of a market economy by comparing and contrasting the
5. Demonstrate an initial understanding of the full costs, including external costs, of producing a product or a service (e.g., the impact of MBNA on the city of Belfast)
6. Explain the impact that major events and technological advancements have had on the economy and predict future economic trends and career opportunities
á Describe
the increased use of technology in a
á Identify major historical trends in global economics from agrarian economies to industrial economies to today's post-industrial/technological economies
á Identify likely growth industries and industries likely to lose jobs
7. Describe the roles and contributions of the principal contributors to the economy (e.g., laborers, investors, entrepreneurs, managers)
á Identify
several
8. Describe the characteristics of traditional, command, market, and mixed economic systems
á Compare
the elements of a mercantile economy with the present economy of the
9. Demonstrate an initial understanding of how different economies meet basic wants and needs over time
á Compare how the basic needs of the people of the North and the South were met prior to and after the Civil War
á Describe the economic and social transition from a rural, agricultural society to a more urban, industrialized society
á Construct an economic continuum, showing where various countries lie on this continuum
10. Describe how changes in transportation and communication technologies have affected trade over time
á Explain
the role of trade as a motivator for the development of transportation
across the
11. Evaluate how world-trade issues can affect a nation's economy and how trade can influence and transform societies
á Evaluate how agriculture affected the economy of the South, both positively and negatively
12. Identify and analyze the factors that contribute to personal decisions about spending and saving
á Analyze monetary decisions regarding spending and saving; and explain the personal, cultural, and economic factors that influence decisions about spending and saving
13. Demonstrate an initial understanding of how incentives affect economic decisions (e.g., tax deferred savings plan, a fast-food restaurant's discount promotion)
á Identify what an economic incentive is, and describe how an incentive works (e.g., coupons, rebates, tax breaks)
NOTE: Initial understandings at Grades 4 through 8 are not repeated 9-12 because current staffing and course offerings do not allow for their inclusion for all students. An elective class in economics is available for interested students who can fit the class into their schedules.
|
Grade 9 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Demonstrate an understanding of the economic significance of events associated with Africa and/or the Middle East
á Explain the role the Arabs played in slave trade
á Explain the impact of natural resources on the development of ancient economies, e.g., precious gems
3. Demonstrate an understanding of the economic significance of events associated with Asia
á Explain the significance of the Silk Road and its impact on ancient world economies
4. Understand the economic significance of events associated with Europe
á Explain how the collapse of the Roman Empire precipitated the Dark Ages
á Explain manorialism
á Explain feudalism
á Discuss how agriculture and the Crusades contributed to the end of the Middle Ages
á Describe how the guild system functioned during the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance
á Describe the economic conditions that led to the French Revolution
á Describe how the age of exploration enriched Europe
5. Demonstrate an understanding of the economic significance of events associated with Latin America and/or South America
á Describe how the discovery of wealth in ancient civilizations affected European markets
|
Grade 10 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Understand the economic significance of events associated with gaining American independence and with establishing a new government from 1750-1800
á List the financial problems that faced the states after independence was won and describe efforts to solve those problems
3. Understand the economic significance of events associated with an emerging nation from 1801-1820
á List and explain tariffs and their effect on the American economy
á Compare
Hamilton's and Jefferson's views regarding the direction the
4. Understand the economic significance of events associated with the Civil War Period from 1821-1865
á Discuss the causes and effects of the Panic of 1837
á List the new means of transportation that brought about the growth of cities, industry, and trade
á Discuss the effects of interchangeable parts, the conveyer system, and other technological innovations on manufacturing in the early 1800's
á Explain
why New England was the first section of the
á Explain how the cotton gin helped the expansion of cotton cultivation
á Describe the economic growth of river towns and ports in the South
á Compare the development of railroads, industry, and commerce in the North and in the South
á Explain how gold drew people to California in 1849
á Explain why industry, transportation, and banking in the North made the Union better able than the South to proceed with the Civil War
5. Understand the economic significance
of events associated with reconstruction and development of the industrial
á Explain how the Civil War and the government stimulated industrial expansion
á Explain the advantages of corporations over proprietorships
á Explain the influence of railroads on American economy
á Explain the role of industrialists, such as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller
á Explain the new forms of business organization that developed at the end of the nineteenth century
á Explain how business leaders dominated American life in the late 1800's
á List the advances in urban transportation and architecture that made possible the rise of modern cities
á Describe the origins of the Grange movement
á List some of the problems the farmers faced in the late 1800's
|
Grade 11 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Understand
the economic significance of events associated with the establishment of
á Explain the economic impact of the underworld tariff and the Federal Reserve Act
á Explain
how the acquisition of oversea territories changed the economic status
of the
á Describe economic factors that led to the Spanish American War
á Explain the roots of Latin America's economic problems in the late 1800's
á Panama Canal
á Caudillo's
á Dollar Diplomacy
á Describe
the impact of World War I on the world and the
3. Understand the economic significance of events associated with prosperity, depression, and war from 1920-1945
á Describe Henry Ford's contributions to the automobile industry
á Explain the Dust Bowl and its economic effect on the Great Plains
á Discuss
the effects of the stock-market crash on the
á Compare President Hoover's and F.D. Roosevelt's approaches to the nation's economic problems
á Explain the role of government programs during the Depression, e.g., the New Deal
á List
the ways in which the
á List the economic sacrifices Americans were asked to make to support the war efforts
á Explain the economic effects of World War I and World War II
á Describe the economic advantages provided by the Panama Canal
4. Understand
the economic significance of events associated with the
á Explain how and why capitalism and communism collided in Europe
á Explain how the Marshall Plan revitalized Europe
á Explain
the
á Explain
how the
á Economic discrimination
á Eisenhower's Interstate Highway System
á Johnson's Great Society
á OPEC
á Reaganomics
á Television/advertising
á The Baby Boom
á The Civil-Rights Movement
á The Cold War
á The Suez War
á The Vietnam War
á Watergate
á Identify
the following terms associated with the
á Balanced budget
á Balance of payments
á Balance of trade
á Bonds
á Collective bargaining
á Consumer
á Corporation
á Federal Reserve System
á Fiscal year
á Foreign aid
á Free enterprise
á Gross National Product (GNP)
á Holding company
á Inflation
á Investment
á Junk bonds
á Legalized monopoly
á Liquidity
á Loose money
á Merger
á Mixed economy
á Monopoly
á Municipal bonds
á Partnership
á Poverty
á Price and wage controls
á Recession
á Single proprietorship
á Social insurance
á Stocks
á Supply and demand
á Tariffs
á Tight money
á Trust
á
|
Grade 12 |
1. Review and extend prior learning
2. Demonstrate an understanding of credit history and the positive and negative impacts that credit can have on an individual's financial life
3. Compare strengths and weaknesses of the market economy with other economic systems, using broad societal goals
á Capitalism
á Socialism
á Communism
á Mixed